Station Overview Station Location
Station Number ND-CS-9 Latitude 47.208989
Station Name Grandin 3.3 SW Longitude -97.061125
County Cass Elevation (ft) 912



Month 30 Yr Avg by PRISM Total Prcp Sum Days Covered By All Observations Daily Prcp Sum Daily Observation Count Multiday Prcp Sum Days Covered by Multiday Observations Multiday Observation Count Days With Prcp Days With Trace Total Snowfall Days With Snowfall Days With Snow On Ground
Oct 10 2.15 1.93 29 1.93 29 0.00 0 0 6 1 0.0 0 0
Nov 10 0.88 0.10 22 0.10 22 0.00 0 0 4 2 3.8 2 4
Dec 10 0.66 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0
Jan 11 0.63 0.03 10 0.03 10 0.00 0 0 2 6 0.7 6 10
Feb 11 0.53 0.03 18 0.03 18 0.00 0 0 1 5 0.3 1 18
March 11 1.04 2.01 12 2.01 12 0.00 0 0 3 1 23.5 4 13
April 11 1.17 2.03 24 2.03 24 0.00 0 0 9 1 6.7 4 10
May 11 2.97 3.20 31 3.20 31 0.00 0 0 14 1 0.2 1 1
June 11 3.92 4.37 29 2.47 27 1.90 2 1 9 0 0.0 0 0
July 11 3.48 4.20 31 4.20 31 0.00 0 0 12 0 0.0 0 0
Aug 11 2.88 6.14 31 6.14 31 0.00 0 0 10 1 0.0 0 0
Sept 11 2.64 0.37 30 0.37 30 0.00 0 0 4 1 0.0 0 0
Water Year Totals: 22.95" 24.41" 267 days 22.51" 265 1.90" 2 days 1 74 days 19 days 35.2" 18 days 56 days



Days in Water Year Cell Color Key
        Daily Observation with Prcp         Missing Day
        Multiday Observation         Daily/Multiday Observation Conflict

Day of Year Daily Prcp Multiday Prcp
10/1/2010 0.00
10/2/2010 0.00
10/3/2010 0.00
10/4/2010 0.00
10/5/2010 0.00
10/6/2010 0.00
10/7/2010 0.00
10/8/2010 0.00
10/9/2010 0.00
10/10/2010 0.02
10/11/2010 0.00
10/12/2010 T
10/13/2010 0.00
10/14/2010 0.00
10/15/2010 0.00
10/16/2010 0.00
10/17/2010 0.00
10/18/2010 0.00
10/19/2010 0.02
10/20/2010 0.00
10/21/2010 0.00
10/22/2010 0.00
10/23/2010
10/24/2010
10/25/2010 0.03
10/26/2010 0.80
10/27/2010 0.89
10/28/2010 0.17
10/29/2010 0.00
10/30/2010 0.00
10/31/2010 0.00
11/1/2010 0.00
11/2/2010 0.00
11/3/2010 0.02
11/4/2010 0.00
11/5/2010 0.00
11/6/2010 0.00
11/7/2010 0.00
11/8/2010 0.00
11/9/2010 0.00
11/10/2010 0.00
11/11/2010 0.03
11/12/2010 0.00
11/13/2010 0.00
11/14/2010 0.00
11/15/2010 0.00
11/16/2010 0.00
11/17/2010 T
11/18/2010 T
11/19/2010
11/20/2010
11/21/2010 0.01
11/22/2010 0.00
11/23/2010 0.04
11/24/2010 0.00
11/25/2010
11/26/2010
11/27/2010
11/28/2010
11/29/2010
11/30/2010
12/1/2010
12/2/2010
12/3/2010
12/4/2010
12/5/2010
12/6/2010
12/7/2010
12/8/2010
12/9/2010
12/10/2010
12/11/2010
12/12/2010
12/13/2010
12/14/2010
12/15/2010
12/16/2010
12/17/2010
12/18/2010
12/19/2010
12/20/2010
12/21/2010
12/22/2010
12/23/2010
12/24/2010
12/25/2010
12/26/2010
12/27/2010
12/28/2010
12/29/2010
12/30/2010
12/31/2010
Day of YearDaily PrcpMultiday Prcp
1/1/2011
1/2/2011 0.00
1/3/2011 T
1/4/2011 0.00
1/5/2011 T
1/6/2011 T
1/7/2011 T
1/8/2011
1/9/2011
1/10/2011
1/11/2011
1/12/2011
1/13/2011
1/14/2011
1/15/2011
1/16/2011
1/17/2011
1/18/2011
1/19/2011
1/20/2011 T
1/21/2011 0.01
1/22/2011 T
1/23/2011
1/24/2011 0.02
1/25/2011
1/26/2011
1/27/2011
1/28/2011
1/29/2011
1/30/2011
1/31/2011
2/1/2011
2/2/2011
2/3/2011 0.00
2/4/2011 0.00
2/5/2011
2/6/2011 T
2/7/2011 T
2/8/2011
2/9/2011 0.00
2/10/2011 0.00
2/11/2011 0.00
2/12/2011 T
2/13/2011
2/14/2011 0.00
2/15/2011 0.00
2/16/2011
2/17/2011
2/18/2011 T
2/19/2011 0.00
2/20/2011 0.00
2/21/2011 0.03
2/22/2011 T
2/23/2011 0.00
2/24/2011 0.00
2/25/2011 0.00
2/26/2011
2/27/2011
2/28/2011
3/1/2011
3/2/2011 0.00
3/3/2011
3/4/2011 0.00
3/5/2011
3/6/2011
3/7/2011
3/8/2011 M
3/9/2011 0.54
3/10/2011 0.00
3/11/2011 0.00
3/12/2011
3/13/2011 0.47
3/14/2011 T
3/15/2011
3/16/2011
3/17/2011
3/18/2011 0.00
3/19/2011
3/20/2011
3/21/2011
3/22/2011 0.00
3/23/2011 1.00
3/24/2011
3/25/2011
3/26/2011
3/27/2011
3/28/2011 0.00
3/29/2011 0.00
3/30/2011
3/31/2011
Day of YearDaily PrcpMultiday Prcp
4/1/2011
4/2/2011
4/3/2011
4/4/2011 0.00
4/5/2011 0.00
4/6/2011 0.00
4/7/2011 0.00
4/8/2011 0.00
4/9/2011 T
4/10/2011 0.09
4/11/2011 0.52
4/12/2011 0.00
4/13/2011 0.00
4/14/2011 0.00
4/15/2011 0.02
4/16/2011 0.72
4/17/2011 0.00
4/18/2011 0.05
4/19/2011 0.00
4/20/2011 0.01
4/21/2011 0.00
4/22/2011 0.12
4/23/2011 0.44
4/24/2011 0.00
4/25/2011 0.00
4/26/2011
4/27/2011 0.00
4/28/2011
4/29/2011
4/30/2011 0.06
5/1/2011 0.18
5/2/2011 0.00
5/3/2011 0.00
5/4/2011 0.00
5/5/2011 0.05
5/6/2011 0.00
5/7/2011 0.00
5/8/2011 0.00
5/9/2011 0.53
5/10/2011 0.06
5/11/2011 0.00
5/12/2011 0.00
5/13/2011 T
5/14/2011 0.11
5/15/2011 0.16
5/16/2011 0.00
5/17/2011 0.00
5/18/2011 0.00
5/19/2011 0.00
5/20/2011 0.00
5/21/2011 0.33
5/22/2011 0.02
5/23/2011 0.37
5/24/2011 0.00
5/25/2011 0.00
5/26/2011 0.00
5/27/2011 0.02
5/28/2011 0.65
5/29/2011 0.03
5/30/2011 0.04
5/31/2011 0.65
6/1/2011 0.01
6/2/2011 0.00
6/3/2011 0.00
6/4/2011 0.00
6/5/2011 0.00
6/6/2011 0.00
6/7/2011 0.00
6/8/2011 0.00
6/9/2011 0.00
6/10/2011
6/11/2011 0.00
6/12/2011 0.04
6/13/2011 0.12
6/14/2011 0.00
6/15/2011 1.15
6/16/2011 0.23
6/17/2011 0.00
6/18/2011 0.02
6/19/2011 0.00
6/20/2011 0.00
6/21/2011 0.00
6/22/2011 **
6/23/2011 1.90
6/24/2011 0.00
6/25/2011 0.00
6/26/2011 0.43
6/27/2011 0.31
6/28/2011 0.16
6/29/2011 0.00
6/30/2011 0.00
Day of YearDaily PrcpMultiday Prcp
7/1/2011 0.00
7/2/2011 0.00
7/3/2011 0.00
7/4/2011 0.00
7/5/2011 0.19
7/6/2011 0.00
7/7/2011 0.00
7/8/2011 0.00
7/9/2011 0.56
7/10/2011 0.00
7/11/2011 0.17
7/12/2011 0.00
7/13/2011 0.00
7/14/2011 0.09
7/15/2011 0.68
7/16/2011 0.00
7/17/2011 0.00
7/18/2011 0.00
7/19/2011 0.10
7/20/2011 0.00
7/21/2011 0.00
7/22/2011 0.00
7/23/2011 0.86
7/24/2011 0.00
7/25/2011 0.09
7/26/2011 0.00
7/27/2011 0.56
7/28/2011 0.01
7/29/2011 0.00
7/30/2011 0.83
7/31/2011 0.06
8/1/2011 0.74
8/2/2011 0.30
8/3/2011 0.00
8/4/2011 0.00
8/5/2011 0.00
8/6/2011 0.00
8/7/2011 0.05
8/8/2011 0.01
8/9/2011 0.00
8/10/2011 0.00
8/11/2011 0.00
8/12/2011 0.05
8/13/2011 4.53
8/14/2011 0.00
8/15/2011 0.01
8/16/2011 0.00
8/17/2011 0.01
8/18/2011 T
8/19/2011 0.00
8/20/2011 0.00
8/21/2011 0.00
8/22/2011 0.00
8/23/2011 0.06
8/24/2011 0.00
8/25/2011 0.00
8/26/2011 0.00
8/27/2011 0.00
8/28/2011 0.00
8/29/2011 0.00
8/30/2011 0.00
8/31/2011 0.38
9/1/2011 0.02
9/2/2011 T
9/3/2011 0.00
9/4/2011 0.00
9/5/2011 0.00
9/6/2011 0.00
9/7/2011 0.00
9/8/2011 0.00
9/9/2011 0.00
9/10/2011 0.00
9/11/2011 0.00
9/12/2011 0.00
9/13/2011 0.00
9/14/2011 0.00
9/15/2011 0.00
9/16/2011 0.00
9/17/2011 0.00
9/18/2011 0.04
9/19/2011 0.07
9/20/2011 0.00
9/21/2011 0.24
9/22/2011 0.00
9/23/2011 0.00
9/24/2011 0.00
9/25/2011 0.00
9/26/2011 0.00
9/27/2011 0.00
9/28/2011 0.00
9/29/2011 0.00
9/30/2011 0.00



Observation Date Observation Time Precipitation Snowfall Snowfall SWE Snow Depth Snow SWE Notes
10/1/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M looked like rain at 7 AM, but none had fallen yet. See report for 10-2-10.
10/2/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/3/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/4/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/5/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/6/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/7/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 36.1 degrees F @ 7 AM. 57.6 degrees F @ 9:30 AM. Perfect harvest weather for our farmer-neighbors!
10/8/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Supposed to be a summery day.79.9 degrees F @ noon.
10/9/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/10/2010 7:00 AM 0.02 0.0 M 0.0 M three small showers between 5 PM and 6:30.
10/11/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M It was almost hot - high of 84 degrees F. 61.7 degrees F @ 9:30 AM, 76% humidity, BaroP=28.91.
10/12/2010 7:00 AM T 0.0 M 0.0 M tiny sprinkle around 5 AM - not sure of time, though. 53.6 degrees F @ 8 AM; 83%humidity, BaroP=29.09.
10/13/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Very light frost on garage roof. 36.1 degrees F. 88% humidity. BaroP=29.26.
10/14/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
10/15/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 30.1 degrees F @ 6:30 AM, 45.3 degrees F @ 9:45 AM. Sunny,clear sky.
10/16/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/17/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 28.0 degrees F. 77% humidity. BaroP=29.23 Yesterday was breezy most of daylight hours. Clear and cool this morning.
10/18/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/19/2010 7:00 AM 0.02 0.0 M 0.0 M Rain (light shower) occurred between 7:30 and 9 AM.
10/20/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 43.3 degrees F @ 8 AM. Partly cloudy. Prediction is for windy conditions this afternoon.
10/21/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/22/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/25/2010 7:00 AM 0.03 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/26/2010 7:00 AM 0.80 0.0 M 0.0 M Took the reading at 6:45 AM, and it was still sprinkling. Wind is strong. Cloudy sky. 45.1 degrees F. 97% humidity at 7:45 AM.
10/27/2010 7:00 AM 0.89 0.0 M 0.0 M .05 fell between 7 AM and 1 PM, the rest fell between 1 PM and 7 AM. BaroP=27.96, 35.4 degrees F, 98% humidity. Winds are extremely strong (rain gauge cover had blown off some time during evening/night).
10/28/2010 7:00 AM 0.17 0.0 M 0.0 M Was a terrible weather day, but only .17 additional rainfall in gauge. Current temp (8AM) 27.5 degrees F, 70% humidity, 29.29=BaroP. Winds still above 15 MPH.
10/29/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/30/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
10/31/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
11/1/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
11/2/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
11/3/2010 7:00 AM 0.02 0.0 M 0.0 M Rainfall occurred in late AM, mostly as a single shower.
11/4/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 31.6 degrees F. Still, clear morning. 89% humidity; BaroP=29.35.
11/5/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
11/6/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M temp near freezing. Prediction for a beautiful fall day, with warmer than average temps and sunny.
11/7/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
11/8/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
11/9/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
11/10/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
11/11/2010 7:00 AM 0.03 0.0 M 0.0 M For the cloudy, rainy day that occurred, the accumulation seems "wimpy".
11/12/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Moderate frost on all surfaces. 22.1 degrees F @ 6 AM. 91% humidity. BaroP=29.44.
11/13/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
11/14/2010 5:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M There is no trace in the gauge, but there was a tiny flurry that blew through in the middle of the afternoon that lasted for only a couple of minutes. No accumulation anywhere. 28.4 degrees F. 78% humidity, BaroP=28.91. No wind. Appears to still be cloudy this early am.
11/15/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 29.3 degrees F. 71% humidity. BaroP=28.73. No breeze, cloudy.
11/16/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
11/17/2010 7:00 AM T 0.0 M 0.0 M 25.3 degrees F. 77% humidity. BaroP=29.29. Windy, overcast sky. Small snow flurry [a mere few flakes] twice in the afternoon hours - no accumulation.
11/18/2010 7:00 AM T T M 0.0 M Very light flurries, very little accumulation. 21.2 degrees F, 69% humidity, BaroP=29.35.
11/21/2010 7:00 AM 0.01 1.2 M 1.2 M
11/22/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 1.2 M Temp fell dramatically during the day. Temp @ 7 AM was 4.8 degrees F. (Flurry beginning at 7:45 AM - will show on tomorrow's readings).
11/23/2010 7:00 AM 0.04 2.6 M 3.8 M Snow seemed deeper as it was falling, but snow board "doesn't lie". Water content is an educated guess.
11/24/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 3.8 M
1/2/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 17.5 M
1/3/2011 7:00 AM T 0.1 M 17.5 M Overnight dusting.
1/4/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 17.5 3.42 This core value is considerably higher than the last core value. Not sure which is more accurate. Will be more careful this next week.
1/5/2011 7:00 AM T 0.1 M 17.5 M
1/6/2011 7:00 AM T 0.2 M 17.5 M Sorry about the hiatus. Will be entering info from past, and will continue in a better fashion in 2011.
1/7/2011 7:00 AM T 0.1 M 18.0 M dusting of snow @ 6 PM and again later during night. 7.0 degrees F @ 6:15 am, 54% humidity.
1/20/2011 7:00 AM T T M 19.5 M Trace of snow occurred during night hours.
1/21/2011 7:00 AM 0.01 0.1 M 19.5 M Snow occurred during night hours.
1/22/2011 7:00 AM T T M 19.5 M Flurries in late afternoon only. Almost no accumulation. Temp is -18.2 degrees F. @ 7:45 AM. 58% humidity
1/24/2011 7:00 AM 0.02 0.1 M 20.0 4.17 Blowing snow for most of day. Temperature began to rise in evening. Temp at 8 AM is 12.7, though at midnight it was 22 degrees F.
2/3/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 22.0 M Temp was 8.3 degrees F @ 6 AM, now 5.9 degrees F @ 8 AM. Partly cloudy sky.
2/4/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 22.0 M 28 degrees above zero this morning (7 AM)! Warm winter day ahead.
2/6/2011 7:00 AM T T M 22.0 M Blowing snow because of strong winds. Not much actually blowing around because of warm temps on Fri & Sat.
2/7/2011 7:00 AM T T M 22.0 4.36 -13 degrees F @ 7AM. -17 degrees F @ 5AM.
2/9/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 22.0 M -15.9 degrees F @ 7 AM
2/10/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 22.0 M -19.1 degrees F @ 7 AM (-21.8 at 6 AM!). Clear sky. No wind.
2/11/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 22.0 M Temp @ 6 AM is 5.3 degrees F. Partly cloudy, no ground visibility problems. No breeze.
2/12/2011 7:00 AM T T M 22.0 M 20.3 degrees F. Yesterday the high was 47.0 degrees F for a few minutes. Trace occurred between 7 & 8 AM, then a small dusting again during the night. Mostly clear sky. Light breeze.
2/14/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 19.0 4.49 Temp @ 7:30 is 23.1 degrees F. Mostly clear sky. Wind is gone (winds were over 30 mph most of afternoon and evening).
2/15/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 18.0 M Melting occurred during day. Wind (strong breeze) began again this morning. Temp at 7:30 was 30.3 degrees F.
2/18/2011 7:00 AM T 0.0 M 17.0 M Very small amount of mist/freezing rain occurred about 1:30 PM. 2 degrees F. @ 6:30 AM, 4.1 degrees F. @ 7:30 AM.
2/19/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 17.0 M 1.9 degrees F @ 7:20 AM. 46% humidity. Mostly cloudy, thin clouds throughout.
2/20/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 17.0 M 3.7 degrees F, 46% humidity. High winds. Storm south, but no precip here.
2/21/2011 7:00 AM 0.03 0.3 M 16.5 M Only a small amount of new snow on ground at 7 AM; however snow began to fall in earnest then. Accurate reading was difficult today. Not sure of core sample accuracy.
2/22/2011 7:00 AM T T M 17.0 M Light, fluffy snow dusted surfaces during night.
2/23/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 17.0 M 14.5 degrees F @ 7 AM. Very cold breeze most of day yesterday.
2/24/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 17.0 M -3 degrees F @ 7:45 AM. 69% humidity. Sunny sky, few 'wispy' thin clouds on horizon.
2/25/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 17.0 M -17.0 degrees F. I thought we were done with these low temps, but no. 69% humidity. No wind, clear sky.
3/2/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 17.0 M -6.5 degrees F @ 7 AM (+6.6 degrees F @10:45 AM). Blowing snow, but no new snow yesterday.
3/4/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 17.5 M 10.8 degrees F @ 8 AM. Cloudy sky.
3/8/2011 7:00 AM M 1.5 M 18.0 M water content not measured until Mar9
3/9/2011 7:00 AM 0.54 4.5 0.54 22.0 M this is actually water content of two days (1.5 inches for Mar8, and 4.5 inches for Mar9)
3/10/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 22.0 M a couple of flurries continued past 7 AM, but not enough for even a trace of accumulation.
3/11/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 17.0 M
3/13/2011 7:00 AM 0.47 3.5 0.47 20.5 M Light breeze after storm passed through.
3/14/2011 7:00 AM T T M 20.5 4.66 Small flurry between 7:30 and 9 AM.
3/18/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 15.5 M Melting occurred most of day. Cooling off began about 8 PM.
3/22/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 9.5 M
3/23/2011 7:00 AM 1.00 14.0 M 23.5 M Only measured snow. Didn't take time to do core sample. Still storming. Will update water measurement after storm subsides. Storm began at 3:45 PM with sleet for about one and a half hours. Snow began about 7 PM.
3/28/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 20.5 6.05 Must be a cold pocket of air here. Fargo was 7 degrees F @ 7 AM, Grand Forks was 12, but here was -7.3 degrees F. Quick recovery now that sunrise has occurred.
3/29/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 20.0 M
4/4/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 14.0 4.85
4/5/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 12.0 M
4/6/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 10.0 M 26.2 degrees F @ 6:30 AM.
4/7/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 8.0 M Still many drifts of snow, but snow on snow board melting.
4/8/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.5 M Snow board nearly empty. Still drifts around edges of yard.
4/9/2011 7:00 AM T 0.0 M 0.0 M Ground and cement were damp at 7 AM. Snow board is empty. Drifts around yard are melting quickly, too.
4/10/2011 7:00 AM 0.09 0.0 M 0.0 M Still sprinkling @ 7 AM. 40.1 degrees F. No wind.
4/11/2011 7:00 AM 0.52 0.0 M 0.0 M 35.4 degrees F. Sunny. Only the largest snow drifts from last year still exist.
4/12/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Flooding continued along Red River of the North. People continue to be routed away from interstate 29, which is still flooded. Travel due to washed out roads continues to be difficult.
4/13/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Lovely spring day, belies the flooding near the Red River.
4/14/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Nearly all snow melted, except biggest drifts. Cold and windy day yesterday. Prediction is for more cold, wind, and wintery weather.
4/15/2011 7:00 AM 0.02 0.3 M 0.3 M Flurries began sometime between 5:30 AM and 6 AM. Snow continued to fall after time of reading. 29.4 degrees F at 7 AM. Heavy, wet snow.
4/16/2011 7:00 AM 0.72 5.2 M 5.5 0.72 Wet snow fell on and off for most of day and [very little during the] night. 29.1 degrees F @ 7 AM, 98% humidity. Still light snow falling.
4/17/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 2.5 M
4/18/2011 7:00 AM 0.05 1.0 0.05 1.0 0.05 29.1 degrees F @ 7 AM. Snow occurred during night-time hours.
4/19/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
4/20/2011 7:00 AM 0.01 0.2 0.01 0.2 0.01 Less than half-inch of accumulation on snow board. Most of snow that fell on the ground melted upon contact. VERY light precip during evening. Snow fell during night. Temp @ 7:30 AM is 32.4 degrees F.
4/21/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 31.6 degrees F @ 7AM. Felt moisture periodically during day, but nothing measurable in gauge.
4/22/2011 7:00 AM 0.12 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 38.3 degrees F @ 7:45 AM. Still misting at 6:30 AM. Rain began around 5 PM - mostly sprinkles or light showers only. .06 accumulation by 6 PM. By 7:30 PM, another .03 accumulation. Last .03 inches occurred during nighttime hours.
4/23/2011 7:00 AM 0.44 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Still looks like rain. 41.2 degrees F @ 9 AM. (Reading was taken at 7 AM). Snow drift remnants still exist in the trees on the property.
4/24/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Beautiful spring day. 55.1 degrees F @ 7:30 PM.
4/25/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Very sunny morning, as evidenced by 49.1 degrees F in the sunlight, and 39.1 in the shade of the house!
4/27/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Felt precipitation on my face several times during day, but no accumulation in rain gauge. 42.4 degrees F @ 7:30 AM. Mostly cloudy morning.
4/30/2011 7:00 AM 0.06 0.0 M 0.0 M Rain occurred mostly overnight. Very windy day.
5/1/2011 7:00 AM 0.18 0.2 M 0.2 M Rain occurred after 3 PM. Snow flurries are occurring at reading time. Accumulation beginning. Anemometer is not working. Medium-grade breeze is blowing snow, but snow appears to be too heavy to drift or cause any visibility problems.
5/2/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
5/3/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
5/4/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
5/5/2011 7:00 AM 0.05 0.0 M 0.0 M Rain occurred in short, light showers throughout afternoon hours.
5/6/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 39.9 degrees F @ 6:15 AM. Last vestiges of snow nearly gone - merely located in shelter belt where little sunlight hits.
5/7/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
5/8/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M No rainfall by 7 AM, but looks like rain was on its way.
5/9/2011 7:00 AM 0.53 0.0 M 0.0 M 54.9 degrees F. Rainfall occurred between 7:30 and 9 AM, sprinkles at around 7:30 PM; however, bulk of total accumulation occurred during nighttime hours.
5/10/2011 7:00 AM 0.06 0.0 M 0.0 M Rain occurred during nighttime hours. 53.6 degrees F @ 7 AM. Cloudy skies - looks like more rain is on its way. Some gravel roads are water-logged.
5/11/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Looks like rain again. Breezy and cloudy. 49.8 degrees F @ 7:45 AM.
5/12/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Looks like rain is coming, though. 41.5 degrees F. Windy, cloudy conditions.
5/13/2011 7:00 AM T 0.0 M 0.0 M Could feel precip on face during reading, though not measurable in the gauge.
5/14/2011 7:00 AM 0.11 0.0 M 0.0 M Currently sprinkling. Sprinkled on and off all day yesterday. Most of rain occurred during the night, however. 42.8 degrees F. Cloudy, breezy. 11-year-old daughter took reading for the first time today!
5/15/2011 7:00 AM 0.16 0.0 M 0.0 M Rain ended mid-afternoon. This morning is sunny, mostly clear skies, 43.2 degrees F.
5/16/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Beautiful day yesterday, beautiful day on tap today. 47.2 degrees F @ 7 AM; 64.9 degrees F @10:30 AM. Sunny - light breeze.
5/17/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 53.2 degrees F @ 7:30 AM. 49% humidity. Sunny, light breeze.
5/18/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Already 63.9 degrees F @ 9:15 AM. Sunny, calm conditions. Farmers all around are busy in the fields.
5/19/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M Beautiful couple of days. No precipitation. Breezy.
5/20/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Prediction was for rain overnight, but none has occurred. Will update if any occurs in next hour, but decided to report at 6 AM. 56.5 degrees F, 82% humidity, still. Sunrise in east where clear sky, but cloudy overhead and in the west.
5/21/2011 7:00 AM 0.33 0.0 M 0.0 M .12 fell between 7 AM and 8 PM, remainder (.21) fell during night-time hours. Looks like rain will continue, though it has not rained since 7 AM yet. 62.6 degrees F @ 9:15 AM.
5/22/2011 7:00 AM 0.02 0.0 M 0.0 M Rain occurred shortly after last reading. Clear skies occurred around 4 PM, after being cloudy nearly all day. 56.3 degrees F @ 7 AM; 92% humidity. Still, partly cloudy.
5/23/2011 7:00 AM 0.37 0.0 M 0.0 M (had trouble with internet connectivity) Heavy downpour occurred around 1:30 PM, but didn't check gauge during that time. Cool and breezy conditions this morning.
5/24/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Cloudy and breezy. Looked like rain.
5/25/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Sunshine and 44.2 degrees F. No wind yet. Yesterday was cool and windy nearly all day. Sun managed to appear after 7 PM.
5/26/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Clear, sunny, still. Shady side of house reads 29.5 degrees F, sunny side reading is 34.5 degrees F. 66% humidity, BaroP=29.15.
5/27/2011 7:00 AM 0.02 0.0 M 0.0 M
5/28/2011 7:00 AM 0.65 0.0 M 0.0 M
5/29/2011 7:00 AM 0.03 0.0 M 0.0 M
5/30/2011 7:00 AM 0.04 0.0 M 0.0 M Rain occurred between 4 and 6:30 AM. Still cloudy and windy. 56.5 degrees F @ 8 AM, 89% humidity.
5/31/2011 7:00 AM 0.65 0.0 M 0.0 M Storm occurred between 9 and 10 PM. Impressive display of lightning, though none was terribly close. Very humid throughout the day-time hours.
6/1/2011 7:00 AM 0.01 0.0 M 0.0 M Periodic episodes of mist occurred during late morning and early afternoon hours. High winds occurred entire day. Still, clear, and sunny this morning. 57.7 degrees F, 54% humidity @ 8:15 AM.
6/2/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
6/3/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
6/4/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
6/5/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
6/6/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Beautiful morning. Bright, clear, still air. 75 degrees F @ 7:45 AM.
6/7/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Very windy, mostly sunny this morning. 93.4 degrees F yesterday - hottest in a long time. Temp @ 7:30 AM is 66.7 degrees F.
6/8/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Over 95 degrees F during afternoon hours. Windy much of evening and night hours. 51.4 degrees F, cloudy, windy @ 7 AM. Looks like rain.
6/9/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Rain never occurred. Clouds thinned out, leaving sunny but cool and windy conditions. 50.0 degrees F @ 6:40 AM. Breeze has subsided significantly. Brilliant sun this morning.
6/11/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 55.9 degrees F @ 7 AM. Cloudless, sunshine, calm to light breeze.
6/12/2011 7:00 AM 0.04 0.0 M 0.0 M Am guessing the rainfall amount for this day - since it was raining at 7 AM, and observer left for the day at that time.
6/13/2011 7:00 AM 0.12 0.0 M 0.0 M Guess that this is the amount that fell during this 24-hour period. Total for two days was .16 inches.
6/14/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Drove through a downpour between Reynolds and Buxton, ND between 10:30 and 11:00 PM last night. But no rain fell at observation site! 66.4 degrees F, light clouds, 57% humidity. Still air.
6/15/2011 7:00 AM 1.15 0.0 M 0.0 M Precip began during nighttime hours.
6/16/2011 7:00 AM 0.23 0.0 M 0.0 M Rainfall occurred from 7 AM (continuing from previous night) and ended around 9:30 AM.
6/17/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Partly cloudy to east, mostly cloudy to west. 59.5 degrees F, no wind, 94% humidity.
6/18/2011 7:00 AM 0.02 0.0 M 0.0 M Clear sky. Lovely-looking day.
6/19/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Very foggy - less than 1/4 mile visibility at 5:30 AM, continuing through reporting time. 65.3 degrees F, 98% humidity. Still.
6/20/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Looks like rain, but none so far. 58.1 degrees F, 85% humidity. Breezy, cloudy.
6/21/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
6/24/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
6/25/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
6/26/2011 7:00 AM 0.43 0.0 M 0.0 M
6/27/2011 7:00 AM 0.31 0.0 M 0.0 M
6/28/2011 7:00 AM 0.16 0.0 M 0.0 M 55.9 degrees F, 98% humidity @ 6:30 AM. Still, sunny. Precip occurred [estimated] between 8:30 AM and 7 PM.
6/29/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 65.5 degrees F, 76% humidity. Sunny, light breeze @ 7 AM.
6/30/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
7/1/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
7/2/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 56 degrees @ 6:30 AM, 68 degrees @ 7:30 AM, 76.8 degrees F @ 8:45 AM. Sunny, breezy. Some sprinkles occurred at around 6 PM, but nothing registered in rain gauge.
7/3/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M sunny & hot.
7/4/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
7/5/2011 7:00 AM 0.19 0.0 M 0.0 M Strong north winds caused many tree branches to fall to ground as well as cause anemometer from little weather station to blow away! Mostly cloudy this morning, 67.6 degrees F, 89% humidity @ 6:30 AM.
7/6/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
7/7/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
7/8/2011 5:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Busy day, so early report. Hot & humid on 7-7, prediction for hot & humid, and possible precip in evening. 58.1 degrees F, 81% humidity.
7/9/2011 7:00 AM 0.56 0.0 M 0.0 M Rainfall occurred between 9 PM and midnight. Mostly cloudy, looks like new rain clouds coming. 71.6 degrees F, 90% humidity.
7/10/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
7/11/2011 7:00 AM 0.17 0.0 M 0.0 M Thunderstorm occurred in early evening, then cleared off. Windy conditions for a couple of hours after the storm subsided.
7/12/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Lovely day yesterday, gorgeous day scheduled for today. 51.8 degrees F @ 5:30 AM, 65.8 degrees F @ 9:30 AM. Light breeze.
7/13/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
7/14/2011 7:00 AM 0.09 0.0 M 0.0 M
7/15/2011 7:00 AM 0.68 0.0 M 0.0 M Rain fell overnight and into morning. Last shower occurred 6:15 AM for 5 minutes. Still looks like more rain is on its way. 66.2 degrees F @ 7:30 AM.
7/16/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Hot and humid. Animals are stressed.
7/17/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Unbelievably hot and sticky (especially here in ND). 74.8 degrees F and 94% humidity at 11 PM. 77.8 degrees F and 97% humidity [heavy fog at times] at 7:30 AM. Cloudy, looks like rain.
7/18/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Extremely hot and humid day predicted.
7/19/2011 7:00 AM 0.10 0.0 M 0.0 M 74.7 degrees F, 80% humidity, light breeze @ 7 AM.
7/20/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
7/21/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
7/22/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
7/23/2011 7:00 AM 0.86 0.0 M 0.0 M rainfall occurred overnight.
7/24/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
7/25/2011 7:00 AM 0.09 0.0 M 0.0 M Rain shower of .04 around 6 PM, second rain shower during early night hours of .05 inches. 61 degrees F @ 6 AM, 74.5 degrees F @ 7:45 AM. Light breeze, sunny conditions.
7/26/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Beautiful, warm day yesterday. 66.0 degrees F @ 7 AM, 80% humidity, no breeze. Thunderstorms predicted for tonight.
7/27/2011 7:00 AM 0.56 0.0 M 0.0 M .01 sprinkle occurred about 4 PM, heavy downpour occurred about 7:30 PM. Looks like rain again. 68.4 degrees F, 98% humidity @ 7:45 AM.
7/28/2011 7:00 AM 0.01 0.0 M 0.0 M 73.4 degrees F @ 8:30 AM, 70% humidity. Partly cloudy, very light breeze.
7/29/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 79.5 degrees F @ 8:30 AM. 58% humidity, clear skies, no breeze. Warm but pleasant day ahead.
7/30/2011 7:00 AM 0.83 0.0 M 0.0 M Was still raining when leaving for day trip (at 6:50 AM).
7/31/2011 7:00 AM 0.06 0.0 M 0.0 M This rainfall occurred immediately after last report. Day was sunny and warm.
8/1/2011 7:00 AM 0.74 0.0 M 0.0 M Was raining at time of reading at 6:30 AM (had to leave house early).
8/2/2011 7:00 AM 0.30 0.0 M 0.0 M Rainfall occurred right after last reading. No precip fell after about 9 AM. Did witness heavy rain in Fargo at 9:30 PM - heavy street flooding witnessed. Storm sewer system had much of the rainfall handled by 11 PM.
8/3/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
8/4/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Heavy dew in the morning.
8/5/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Drops fell at 7 PM, but not enough for even a trace in the rain gauge. Looks like rain this morning. 65.1 degrees F, 98% humidity.
8/6/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Was nearly sprinkling at 7 AM, but fizzled out before it started. 66.7 degrees F, 82% humidity, cloudy, windy. (Looks like rain again at 9:30 AM.)
8/7/2011 7:00 AM 0.05 0.0 M 0.0 M Short shower in AM hours (on 8-6).
8/8/2011 7:00 AM 0.01 0.0 M 0.0 M Light shower in early AM hours (guesstimate around 5 AM). Mostly cloudy, 68.7 degrees F @ 8:45 AM and 91% humdity. No breeze.
8/9/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
8/10/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
8/11/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
8/12/2011 7:00 AM 0.05 0.0 M 0.0 M .01 fell as short shower at 5:15 pm, rest (.04) occurred during 6:30-8 pm. Looks like rain again this morning.
8/13/2011 7:00 AM 4.53 0.0 M 0.0 M .05 fell between 7 AM & 9 AM, .55 between 9 AM & 5 PM, 3.62 fell between 5:15 PM & 6:15 PM (pea-sized hail from 5:15 to 5:35 PM), and .31 fell between 6:15 PM & 8:30 PM. Currently 66.0 degrees F, sunny, very light breeze, and 'street' flooding subsiding significantly from 6 PM last evening.
8/14/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
8/15/2011 7:00 AM 0.01 0.0 M 0.0 M Sprinkle occurred sometime between midnight and 5 AM. Looks like rain again soon. (Very light sprinkles started by 7:15.)
8/16/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
8/17/2011 7:00 AM 0.01 0.0 M 0.0 M Bright, sunny, calm morning.
8/18/2011 7:00 AM T 0.0 M 0.0 M Small sprinkle at 6:30 AM drove daughter in from tenting in yard. 60.4 degrees F @ 7:30 AM, 93% humidity, partly sunny conditions. Rain clouds mostly north of this location.
8/19/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
8/20/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 56.8 degrees F. Sunny, heavy dew (98% humidity).
8/21/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
8/22/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
8/23/2011 7:00 AM 0.06 0.0 M 0.0 M Lightning strike at around 2 AM awakened this observer and knocked out power. Rainfall occurred around this time.
8/24/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 65.1 degrees F. 59% humidity BaroP=28.85. Bright, sunny, clear sky. Light breeze.
8/25/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Lovely day.
8/26/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Lovely day.
8/27/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 49.3 degrees F. No breeze. Partly cloudy, 89% humidity @ 6:30 AM.
8/28/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
8/29/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
8/30/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Mostly cloudy. 60 degrees F @ 7 AM.
8/31/2011 7:00 AM 0.38 0.0 M 0.0 M Light fog and 63.7 degrees F @ 7:45 AM. Rainfall occurred as a slow rain primarily in afternoon and evening hours.
9/1/2011 7:00 AM 0.02 0.0 M 0.0 M
9/2/2011 7:00 AM T 0.0 M 0.0 M Not sure whether this was heavy dew or sprinkle of rain.
9/3/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
9/4/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 53.6 degrees F @ 8 AM. 85% humidity, light breeze, clear sky.
9/5/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
9/6/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
9/7/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
9/8/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
9/9/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
9/10/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
9/11/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 54.7 degrees F @ 6:45 AM. Another gorgeous day on tap. Not many of these left, I'd wager.
9/12/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M High on Sunday was 91 degrees F.
9/13/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Calm morning, Breezy afternoon.
9/14/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Light frost on garage roof, but none appears on ground. Temp probe is 15 feet above ground and reads 33.4 degrees F @ 7:13 AM. Freeze expected during coming night.
9/15/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 29 degrees F @ 7 AM. Glad I harvested all tomatoes yesterday.
9/16/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M 54.1 degrees F @ 11 AM. Didn't freeze overnight.
9/17/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Cloudy, windy, relatively warm for a fall day. Cows have been loose for hours, so no rest for this weary observer.
9/18/2011 7:00 AM 0.04 0.0 M 0.0 M Rainfall began between 4 and 6 AM, light drizzle. Rain still falling at reading time of 7 AM. 53.1 degrees F @ 8 AM. Calm.
9/19/2011 7:00 AM 0.07 0.0 M 0.0 M Rainfall started just before reporting time on last report, and finished about 8 AM on this report. Total rainfall for event was .11 inches.
9/20/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M No rainfall last 24 hours, but rain began right after 7 AM!
9/21/2011 7:00 AM 0.24 0.0 M 0.0 M .06 between 7 AM & 5 PM, .18 between 5 PM & 7 AM.
9/22/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
9/23/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
9/24/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
9/25/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Light fog. 42.1 degrees F.
9/26/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
9/27/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
9/28/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M gorgeous day. 92.3 degrees F @ 2 PM.
9/29/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M
9/30/2011 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 0.0 M Beautiful day. Started out with frost, but warming nicely. Sorry for late posting - had a test this morning.



Start Date End Date & Time Duration in Days Precipitation Snow Depth Snow Depth SWE Notes
6/22/2011 6/23/2011 7:00 AM 2 1.90 0.0 0.00 Was not at reporting site for several hours. Rainfall occurred between 9 AM on 6-21-2011 and 5 PM on 6-22-2011 (except .01 that occurred between 5 PM and 7 AM on 6-23-2011).



Observation Date Observation Time Notes Largest Stone Size Average Stone Size Smallest Stone Size Stone Consistency Duration Minutes Durration Accuracy Damage Timing More Rain than Hail Hail Started Largest Hail Started Angle of Impact Number of Stones on Pad Distance Between Stones on Pad Depth of Stones on Ground