Station Overview Station Location
Station Number OR-DG-21 Latitude 43.167777
Station Name Roseburg 3.8 SSW Longitude -123.385468
County Douglas Elevation (ft) 482



Month 30 Yr Avg by PRISM Total Prcp Sum Days Covered By All Observations Daily Prcp Sum Daily Observation Count Multiday Prcp Sum Days Covered by Multiday Observations Multiday Observation Count Days With Prcp Days With Trace Total Snowfall Days With Snowfall Days With Snow On Ground
Oct 10 2.30 3.24 32 3.24 26 0.00 6 1 15 1 0.0 0 0
Nov 10 5.47 5.20 31 4.99 24 0.21 7 1 23 0 0.0 0 0
Dec 10 6.31 7.61 31 7.04 26 0.57 5 1 25 1 0.0 0 0
Jan 11 4.94 2.45 30 2.40 27 0.05 3 1 17 10 0.1 1 1
Feb 11 3.93 4.65 27 4.65 26 0.00 1 0 21 2 1.7 3 2
March 11 3.52 6.88 30 6.42 27 0.46 3 2 27 0 0.0 0 0
April 11 2.84 4.03 27 4.03 27 0.00 0 0 23 1 0.0 0 0
May 11 2.20 3.28 30 2.52 16 0.76 14 1 11 1 0.0 0 0
June 11 1.03 1.77 27 1.77 27 0.00 0 0 8 1 0.0 0 0
July 11 0.37 1.23 29 1.23 29 0.00 0 0 6 1 0.0 0 0
Aug 11 0.43 0.01 29 0.01 29 0.00 0 0 1 0 0.0 0 0
Sept 11 0.91 0.05 30 0.05 19 0.00 11 1 1 0 0.0 0 0
Water Year Totals: 34.25" 40.40" 353 days 38.35" 303 2.05" 50 days 8 178 days 18 days 1.8" 4 days 3 days



Days in Water Year Cell Color Key
        Daily Observation with Prcp         Missing Day
        Multiday Observation         Daily/Multiday Observation Conflict

Day of Year Daily Prcp Multiday Prcp
10/1/2010 0.00
10/2/2010 0.00
10/3/2010 0.00 **
10/4/2010 **
10/5/2010 **
10/6/2010 **
10/7/2010 **
10/8/2010 0.00
10/9/2010 0.13
10/10/2010 0.03
10/11/2010 0.13
10/12/2010 0.00
10/13/2010 0.02
10/14/2010 0.01
10/15/2010 T
10/16/2010 0.00
10/17/2010 0.00
10/18/2010 0.00
10/19/2010 0.00
10/20/2010 0.00
10/21/2010 0.00
10/22/2010 0.10
10/23/2010 0.04
10/24/2010 1.04
10/25/2010 0.53
10/26/2010 0.49
10/27/2010 0.04
10/28/2010 0.16
10/29/2010 0.28
10/30/2010 0.02
10/31/2010 0.22
11/1/2010 0.02
11/2/2010 0.01
11/3/2010 0.02
11/4/2010 0.02
11/5/2010 0.02
11/6/2010 0.01
11/7/2010 0.74
11/8/2010 0.24
11/9/2010 0.03
11/10/2010 0.91
11/11/2010 0.03 **
11/12/2010 **
11/13/2010 **
11/14/2010 **
11/15/2010 **
11/16/2010 **
11/17/2010 0.21
11/18/2010 0.48
11/19/2010 0.02
11/20/2010 0.34
11/21/2010 0.05
11/22/2010 0.23
11/23/2010 0.76
11/24/2010 0.02
11/25/2010 0.00
11/26/2010 0.01
11/27/2010 0.45
11/28/2010 0.22
11/29/2010 0.28
11/30/2010 0.08
12/1/2010 0.58
12/2/2010 0.32
12/3/2010 0.05
12/4/2010 0.10
12/5/2010 0.03
12/6/2010 **
12/7/2010 **
12/8/2010 **
12/9/2010 **
12/10/2010 0.57
12/11/2010 0.50
12/12/2010 0.06
12/13/2010 0.47
12/14/2010 0.45
12/15/2010 0.15
12/16/2010 0.03
12/17/2010 0.02
12/18/2010 0.22
12/19/2010 0.60
12/20/2010 0.39
12/21/2010 0.08
12/22/2010 0.06
12/23/2010 0.02
12/24/2010 0.01
12/25/2010 T
12/26/2010 0.43
12/27/2010 0.37
12/28/2010 0.52
12/29/2010 1.21
12/30/2010 0.35
12/31/2010 0.02
Day of YearDaily PrcpMultiday Prcp
1/1/2011 0.42
1/2/2011 0.02
1/3/2011 T
1/4/2011 T
1/5/2011 T
1/6/2011 T
1/7/2011 T
1/8/2011 0.08
1/9/2011 **
1/10/2011 **
1/11/2011 0.05
1/12/2011 0.03
1/13/2011 0.25
1/14/2011 0.19
1/15/2011 0.02
1/16/2011 0.94
1/17/2011 0.30
1/18/2011 0.02
1/19/2011 0.03
1/20/2011 0.01
1/21/2011 T
1/22/2011 0.02
1/23/2011 T
1/24/2011 T
1/25/2011 T
1/26/2011 0.02
1/27/2011 0.02
1/28/2011 0.02
1/29/2011 T
1/30/2011
1/31/2011 0.01
2/1/2011 0.01
2/2/2011 0.00
2/3/2011 0.00
2/4/2011 0.01
2/5/2011 0.00
2/6/2011 T
2/7/2011 0.02
2/8/2011 0.03
2/9/2011 0.15
2/10/2011 0.02
2/11/2011 0.02
2/12/2011 0.01
2/13/2011 0.02
2/14/2011 0.01
2/15/2011 2.51
2/16/2011 0.49
2/17/2011 0.64
2/18/2011 0.02
2/19/2011 0.02
2/20/2011 0.04
2/21/2011 0.05
2/22/2011 0.03
2/23/2011 0.10
2/24/2011 0.34
2/25/2011 0.11
2/26/2011 T
2/27/2011
2/28/2011 **
3/1/2011 0.14
3/2/2011 0.16
3/3/2011 0.03
3/4/2011 0.04
3/5/2011 1.11
3/6/2011 0.19
3/7/2011 0.05
3/8/2011 0.42
3/9/2011 0.21
3/10/2011 0.49
3/11/2011 0.20
3/12/2011 0.02
3/13/2011 0.02
3/14/2011 0.41
3/15/2011 0.31
3/16/2011 0.86
3/17/2011 0.58
3/18/2011 0.09
3/19/2011 0.12
3/20/2011 0.07
3/21/2011 0.06
3/22/2011 0.06
3/23/2011 0.01
3/24/2011 0.05
3/25/2011 **
3/26/2011 0.32
3/27/2011 0.07
3/28/2011 0.20
3/29/2011 0.38
3/30/2011 0.21
3/31/2011
Day of YearDaily PrcpMultiday Prcp
4/1/2011
4/2/2011
4/3/2011
4/4/2011 0.02
4/5/2011 0.39
4/6/2011 0.17
4/7/2011 0.55
4/8/2011 0.02
4/9/2011 T
4/10/2011 0.00
4/11/2011 0.05
4/12/2011 0.02
4/13/2011 0.10
4/14/2011 0.19
4/15/2011 0.25
4/16/2011 0.12
4/17/2011 0.57
4/18/2011 0.25
4/19/2011 0.01
4/20/2011 0.00
4/21/2011 0.18
4/22/2011 0.02
4/23/2011 0.00
4/24/2011 0.15
4/25/2011 0.10
4/26/2011 0.24
4/27/2011 0.21
4/28/2011 0.17
4/29/2011 0.07
4/30/2011 0.18
5/1/2011 0.02
5/2/2011 **
5/3/2011 **
5/4/2011 **
5/5/2011 **
5/6/2011 **
5/7/2011 **
5/8/2011 **
5/9/2011 **
5/10/2011 **
5/11/2011 **
5/12/2011 **
5/13/2011 **
5/14/2011 **
5/15/2011 0.76
5/16/2011 0.11
5/17/2011 0.38
5/18/2011 0.24
5/19/2011 T
5/20/2011 0.00
5/21/2011 0.00
5/22/2011 0.00
5/23/2011 0.00
5/24/2011 0.32
5/25/2011 0.54
5/26/2011 0.02
5/27/2011 0.18
5/28/2011
5/29/2011 0.28
5/30/2011 0.05
5/31/2011 0.38
6/1/2011 0.50
6/2/2011 0.19
6/3/2011 0.04
6/4/2011 0.00
6/5/2011 0.01
6/6/2011 T
6/7/2011 0.00
6/8/2011 0.00
6/9/2011 0.00
6/10/2011 0.00
6/11/2011 0.00
6/12/2011 0.00
6/13/2011 0.26
6/14/2011 0.00
6/15/2011 0.00
6/16/2011 0.00
6/17/2011 0.00
6/18/2011 0.00
6/19/2011
6/20/2011 0.00
6/21/2011 0.00
6/22/2011 0.00
6/23/2011
6/24/2011 0.00
6/25/2011 0.00
6/26/2011
6/27/2011 0.00
6/28/2011 0.74
6/29/2011 0.02
6/30/2011 0.01
Day of YearDaily PrcpMultiday Prcp
7/1/2011 0.00
7/2/2011 0.00
7/3/2011 0.00
7/4/2011 0.00
7/5/2011 0.00
7/6/2011 0.00
7/7/2011 0.00
7/8/2011 0.00
7/9/2011 0.00
7/10/2011
7/11/2011 0.00
7/12/2011 0.00
7/13/2011 0.12
7/14/2011 0.00
7/15/2011 0.00
7/16/2011 0.07
7/17/2011 0.21
7/18/2011 0.12
7/19/2011 0.69
7/20/2011 0.02
7/21/2011 T
7/22/2011 0.00
7/23/2011 0.00
7/24/2011 0.00
7/25/2011 0.00
7/26/2011 0.00
7/27/2011 0.00
7/28/2011
7/29/2011 0.00
7/30/2011 0.00
7/31/2011 0.00
8/1/2011 0.00
8/2/2011 0.00
8/3/2011 0.00
8/4/2011 0.00
8/5/2011 0.00
8/6/2011 0.00
8/7/2011 0.00
8/8/2011 0.00
8/9/2011 0.00
8/10/2011 0.00
8/11/2011 0.00
8/12/2011 0.00
8/13/2011 0.00
8/14/2011 0.00
8/15/2011 0.00
8/16/2011 0.00
8/17/2011 0.00
8/18/2011 0.00
8/19/2011 0.00
8/20/2011 0.00
8/21/2011 0.00
8/22/2011 0.00
8/23/2011 0.00
8/24/2011 0.00
8/25/2011 0.01
8/26/2011
8/27/2011 0.00
8/28/2011 0.00
8/29/2011 0.00
8/30/2011
8/31/2011 0.00
9/1/2011 0.00
9/2/2011 0.00
9/3/2011 0.00
9/4/2011 0.00
9/5/2011 0.00
9/6/2011 0.00
9/7/2011 0.00
9/8/2011 **
9/9/2011 **
9/10/2011 **
9/11/2011 **
9/12/2011 **
9/13/2011 **
9/14/2011 **
9/15/2011 **
9/16/2011 **
9/17/2011 **
9/18/2011 0.00
9/19/2011 0.00
9/20/2011 0.00
9/21/2011 0.00
9/22/2011 0.00
9/23/2011 0.00
9/24/2011 0.00
9/25/2011 0.00
9/26/2011 0.05
9/27/2011 0.00
9/28/2011 0.00
9/29/2011 0.00
9/30/2011 0.00



Observation Date Observation Time Precipitation Snowfall Snowfall SWE Snow Depth Snow SWE Notes
10/1/2010 7:15 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T59ºF, cloudy and breezy.
10/2/2010 7:30 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T60º under overcast skies. Looks like rain may be on its way.
10/3/2010 7:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T54ºF. (I will be away until 10/8 and will be submitting a multiple day report at that time.
10/9/2010 8:30 AM 0.13 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
10/10/2010 8:55 AM 0.03 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T59ºF with light mist falling.
10/11/2010 7:45 AM 0.13 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
10/12/2010 8:30 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF with overcast skies.
10/13/2010 7:45 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T46ºF, with dense fog. The .02 was probably condensate, not precip.
10/14/2010 7:30 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 .01 condensation from thick fog. T48ºF.
10/15/2010 7:55 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T52ºF, overcast skies and a gusty breeze.
10/16/2010 7:05 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T44ºF and cloudy.
10/17/2010 7:30 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T46ºF and mostly cloudy.
10/18/2010 7:55 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T40ºF; mostly clear and sunny, with con trails.
10/19/2010 7:30 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T36ºF, with light frost on rooftops. Clear and calm.
10/20/2010 7:15 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T38ºF and foggy.
10/21/2010 7:45 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
10/22/2010 7:15 AM 0.10 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T51ºF. Two Kingfishers circling the pond, either courting or squabbling over territory. Couldn't decide which it was about , but they were certainly noisy.
10/23/2010 7:55 AM 0.04 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T46ºF; partly cloudy. Slight breeze at ground level, but strong winds higher up.
10/24/2010 8:00 AM 1.04 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Not often that the inside tube overflows!
10/25/2010 7:55 AM 0.53 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T45ºF; mostly cloudy.
10/26/2010 7:55 AM 0.49 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T43ºF; mostly cloudy.
10/27/2010 8:00 AM 0.04 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T37ºF, with lots of wet fog.
10/28/2010 8:00 AM 0.16 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF with light rain.
10/29/2010 8:00 AM 0.28 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF under overcast skies.
10/30/2010 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T50º; overcast skies.
10/31/2010 8:00 AM 0.22 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T54ºF
11/1/2010 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T58º Mostly cloudy skies with traces of BLUE!
11/2/2010 7:15 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T54ºF under a bright crescent moon. (I believe the .01 was just condensation.)
11/3/2010 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
11/4/2010 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T53ºF; overcast skies.
11/5/2010 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T54ºF; overcast skies.
11/6/2010 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T53ºF; overcast skies.
11/7/2010 8:00 AM 0.74 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF with overcast skies. Looks like more rain any time now.
11/8/2010 8:00 AM 0.24 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T44ºF; partly cloudy, partly BLUE.
11/9/2010 8:00 AM 0.03 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T46ºF; mostly cloudy and windy.
11/10/2010 8:00 AM 0.91 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T46ºF; mostly cloudy skies.
11/11/2010 6:15 AM 0.03 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T38ºF. (Will be off line for about a week, and will file a multi-day when I'm back.)
11/18/2010 8:00 AM 0.48 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T42ºF; mostly cloudy.
11/19/2010 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
11/20/2010 8:00 AM 0.34 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T36ºF with a partly cloudy-partly sunny morning.
11/21/2010 8:00 AM 0.05 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 (exact measurement) Mostly sunny with a few clouds.
11/22/2010 8:00 AM 0.23 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T36ºF; overcast skies and damp. Snow visible on Dobson Butte.
11/23/2010 8:00 AM 0.76 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T30ºF; gauge funnel frozen in place. Received just enough snow for the rooftops to be frosted and a sparse scattering of white icy kibbles on the ground and leaves of plants. Mostly cloudy with spots of sunshine peeking through.
11/24/2010 8:00 AM 0.02 T 0.00 T 0.00 T30ºF. Cloudy with an occasional flake of snow.
11/25/2010 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 29ºF. Light frost and foggy.
11/26/2010 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T44ºF. Cloudy skies, breezy and trying to rain.
11/27/2010 8:00 AM 0.45 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 (exact measurement) 41ºF with light rain and overcast skies.
11/28/2010 8:00 AM 0.22 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T35ºF; foggy and wet.
11/29/2010 8:00 AM 0.28 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T33ºF; foggy and wet.
11/30/2010 7:00 AM 0.08 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T40ºF; overcast and damp.
12/1/2010 8:00 AM 0.58 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
12/2/2010 8:00 AM 0.32 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T44ºF; overcast and light rain.
12/3/2010 8:00 AM 0.05 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T39ºF, overcast and gloomy.
12/4/2010 8:00 AM 0.10 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 (exact measurement) T39ºF, overcast skies, chilly and damp.
12/5/2010 8:00 AM 0.03 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T40ºF; overcast skies ... what else? (Will be off line until Fri. morn. Cumulative report at that time.)
12/11/2010 8:00 AM 0.50 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 (exact measurement) T47ºF; overcast, damp, gloomy.
12/12/2010 8:00 AM 0.06 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T50ºF; partly cloudy skies with bright sunshine at this time, though that could change at any minute.
12/13/2010 8:00 AM 0.47 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T51ºF; heavy fog (or low clouds. Is there a difference? At any rate the effect is the same: gloomy!)
12/14/2010 8:00 AM 0.45 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T45ºF under overcast skies. (Sorry so late sending this in. It's been a tough day.)
12/15/2010 8:00 AM 0.15 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T34ºF; dense fog.
12/16/2010 8:00 AM 0.03 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 TT34ºF; partly cloudy.
12/17/2010 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T30ºF. Dense , freezing fog. The funnel was frozen to the outer cylinder.
12/18/2010 8:00 AM 0.22 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T43ºF; windy with very light rain.
12/19/2010 8:00 AM 0.60 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T38ºF; foggy and damp. (The .60 is an exact measurement.)
12/20/2010 7:45 AM 0.39 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T39ºF; overcast with snow on the top of Dobson Butte to our east (Elev. 3229 ft.)
12/21/2010 8:00 AM 0.08 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T32ºF; frost and freezing fog.
12/22/2010 8:00 AM 0.06 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T41ºF; dense fog.
12/23/2010 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T39ºF; overcast skies. I suspect the .02 was just condensation. Don't think we has any precip.
12/24/2010 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T39ºF; overcast mostly cloudy gray skies. Can Rudolph find his way tonight?
12/25/2010 8:30 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T39ºF under mostly cloudy skies. Hope everyone has a great Christmas.
12/26/2010 8:00 AM 0.43 M M M M T39ºF; partly cloudy and windy. (Last night's storm blew a patio chair over and scooted it about 3 feet from where it had been.)
12/27/2010 8:00 AM 0.37 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T42ºF
12/28/2010 8:00 AM 0.52 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T45ºF with light rain.
12/29/2010 8:30 AM 1.21 T T 0.0 0.00 T34ºF and just started snowing lightly. (My husband just drove 13 hours along I-5 from Simi Valley to Roseburg, in order to beat this storm home, and it's a good thing he did!)
12/30/2010 8:00 AM 0.35 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T34ºF; gray overcast skies. Had snow flurries off and on yesterday, though nothing accumulated on the ground. Pretty sight and unusual at our 460 foot elevation.
12/31/2010 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T27ºF; frost on rooftops. Fog bank over the South Umpqua River canyon, otherwise clear, sunny and COLD. Funnel was frozen to both the outer and inner tubes.
1/1/2011 8:00 AM 0.42 0.1 0.42 0.1 0.42 T32ºF under a mostly cloudy sky. HAPPY NEW YEAR!!!! Our little snowstorm last night has made for a beautiful morning.
1/2/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T36ºF; overcast skies and just a trace of yesterday's snow in a few sheltered areas.
1/3/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T35ºF; overcast skies.
1/4/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T35ºF; overcast and dreary.
1/5/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T38ºF; mostly cloudy skies. The trace in the tube was only about 3 or 4 drops, but it was definitely there. Condensation?
1/6/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T37ºF; overcast skies.
1/7/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T36ºF and overcast skies. ("T" in the catch tube equals about 2 drops of moisture. Should we disregard condensation amounts? I've been calling them "T" if there was enough to pour out.)
1/8/2011 8:00 AM 0.08 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T46ºF; partly cloudy, partly sunny.
1/12/2011 7:45 AM 0.03 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T49ºF; calm and cloudy. Looks like more rain coming.
1/13/2011 8:00 AM 0.25 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF; mostly cloudy.
1/14/2011 8:00 AM 0.19 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF; overcast skies.
1/15/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T47ºF; mostly cloudy skies.
1/16/2011 8:00 AM 0.94 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T53ºF; overcast skies.
1/17/2011 8:00 AM 0.30 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T47ºF; partly cloudy.
1/18/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T47ºF; overcast skies.
1/19/2011 8:00 AM 0.03 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T41ºF; overcast with a chilly breeze.
1/20/2011 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T40ºF; overcast skies and calm.
1/21/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T39ºF; mostly cloudy.
1/22/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T44ºF; overcast skies.
1/23/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T44ºF; partly cloudy.
1/24/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T41ºF; Mostly cloudy skies.
1/25/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T32ºF; foggy and frosty. The "T" must have been condensation of the fog in the air.
1/26/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T33ºF and very foggy.
1/27/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T33ºF; foggy.
1/28/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T39ºF and foggy again. The .02 must be condensation of the fog, but it was definitely there as measurable moisture.
1/29/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T39ºF with fog.
1/31/2011 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T38ºF and mostly cloudy.
2/1/2011 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T42ºF; overcast skies.
2/2/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T32ºF; overcast skies.
2/3/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T33ºF; some fog, especially over the South Umpqua. Looks like it will be sunny after the fog burns off.
2/4/2011 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T34ºF; light frost on rooftops under mostly cloudy skies.
2/5/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T49ºF; overcast skies.
2/6/2011 8:30 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T44ºF; mostly cloudy.
2/7/2011 7:30 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T45ºF; mostly cloudy skies.
2/8/2011 7:45 AM 0.03 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T39ºF; mostly cloudy.
2/9/2011 8:00 AM 0.15 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T35ºF; overcast skies
2/10/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T34ºF; overcast skies.
2/11/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T35ºF; mostly cloudy skies.
2/12/2011 7:45 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T34ºF; partly cloudy and thin fog, thicker over the South Umpqua River.
2/13/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T47ºF; partly cloudy.
2/14/2011 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T46ºF; mostly cloudy and windy.
2/15/2011 8:00 AM 2.51 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T34ºF and still raining cats and dogs! First time ever at this station that we received such a large amount.
2/16/2011 8:00 AM 0.49 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T39ºF; partly cloudy with some sun slipping through.
2/17/2011 8:00 AM 0.64 0.1 M T M T34ºF; snowed last night. Most of the catch was already in the tube and I melted the small amount in the funnel to add to the total
2/18/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T36ºF with sunny skies!
2/19/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T37ºF; overcast and gloomy skies.
2/20/2011 8:00 AM 0.04 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T38ºF under beautiful sunshine.
2/21/2011 8:00 AM 0.05 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T31ºF; light frost and partly cloudy, with river canyon fog.
2/22/2011 8:00 AM 0.03 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T37ºF; overcast and damp.
2/23/2011 8:00 AM 0.10 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T36ºF; cloudy.
2/24/2011 8:00 AM 0.34 1.5 0.16 1.5 0.16 T33ºF, with very light snow falling off and on. In the gauge was .18 of liquid, and the fluffy snow in the cone, when melted, yielded an additional .16, for the .34 total.
2/25/2011 8:00 AM 0.11 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 T30ºF; The catch was .08 liquid, plus .03 frozen snow in the top of the funnel, melted to bring the total to.11. Windy and partly cloudy. Not nearly as much snow on the rooftops and plants as yesterday.
2/26/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T21ºF, partly cloudy. Hard frost and partly cloudy. There is slushy ice on the pond, but it is not frozen all the way across.
3/2/2011 8:00 AM 0.16 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
3/3/2011 8:00 AM 0.03 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T39ºF; mostly bright sun and just a few thin clouds.
3/4/2011 8:00 AM 0.04 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T40ºF and foggy.
3/5/2011 8:40 AM 1.11 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T46ºF and raining.
3/6/2011 8:45 AM 0.19 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T47ºF. Skies overcast.
3/7/2011 8:45 AM 0.05 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T40ºF and light rain at this time.
3/8/2011 8:30 AM 0.42 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T45ºF and raining.
3/9/2011 8:00 AM 0.21 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T50ºF. Mostly cloudy with one or two sun peeks, and frogs croaking at the pond.
3/10/2011 8:00 AM 0.49 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T45ºF and light rain at this time.
3/11/2011 8:00 AM 0.20 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T38ºF. Overcast skies.
3/12/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T43º. Cloudy.
3/13/2011 8:30 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Interesting how we often seem to have .02 of moisture in the gauge. Perhaps our proximity to the South Umpqua River has something to do (dew) with it.
3/14/2011 8:30 AM 0.41 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T41ºF. The wind storm was awful, but we were lucky just to have been without power for 12 hrs., 15 min. Our next door neighbor lost most of his roof shingles.
3/15/2011 8:30 AM 0.31 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF and cloudy. Lost power again during the night, but only for 40 minutes this time.
3/16/2011 8:00 AM 0.86 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T40ºF and light rain at this time.
3/17/2011 8:00 AM 0.58 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T37ºF. Mostly cloudy.
3/18/2011 8:30 AM 0.09 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T42ºF. Overcast with fog.
3/19/2011 8:00 AM 0.12 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T37ºF and mostly cloudy.
3/20/2011 8:00 AM 0.07 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T40ºF. Overcast skies.
3/21/2011 7:30 AM 0.06 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T42ºF and raining lightly.
3/22/2011 8:00 AM 0.06 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
3/23/2011 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T40ºF. Cloudy skies.
3/24/2011 8:30 AM 0.05 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T42ºF and cloudy skies.
3/27/2011 8:30 AM 0.07 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T44ºF. Very light misty rain= Mizzle.
3/28/2011 8:00 AM 0.20 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T41ºF; mostly cloudy with some sunshine.
3/29/2011 8:45 AM 0.38 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T45ºF; light rain.
3/30/2011 7:30 AM 0.21 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF; mostly clear skies and beautiful bright sunshine. (Will be away for about 4 days. Multi-day accumulation report pending.)
4/4/2011 8:30 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T49ºF; overcast skies.
4/5/2011 8:30 AM 0.39 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Partly cloudy with some areas of bright sunshine.
4/6/2011 8:30 AM 0.17 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T40ºF and raining.
4/7/2011 8:30 AM 0.55 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T36ºF. Overcast skies.
4/8/2011 7:30 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T38ºF. Clear skies except morning fog over the So. Umpqua River canyon; a bright and beautiful Spring morning.
4/9/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T41ºF; cloudy skies. (Yesterday morning's beautiful bright sunshine disappeared within half an hour after I reported it, and everything became clouded over for most of the rest of the day.)
4/10/2011 8:30 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Wowee! Not even a trace this morning. T46F.
4/11/2011 8:00 AM 0.05 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Sun and clouds.
4/12/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T36ºFand completely overcast skies.
4/13/2011 8:00 AM 0.10 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T42ºF; foggy-misty morning.
4/14/2011 8:00 AM 0.19 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T43ºF; cloudy.
4/15/2011 8:00 AM 0.25 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T47ºF; very light rain.
4/16/2011 8:00 AM 0.12 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T53ºF; overcast skies and a pair of Vaux Swallows.
4/17/2011 8:00 AM 0.57 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF; overcast and damp.
4/18/2011 8:00 AM 0.25 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T44ºF; mix of clouds and bright sunshine. Breezy.
4/19/2011 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T35ºF; foggy. (I believe the .01 catch was condensation, rather than precipitation.)
4/20/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T45ºF; overcast skies. No moisture in the tube, but a strange looking skinny greenish fly was stuck to the bottom.
4/21/2011 8:00 AM 0.18 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T39ºF; overcast and misty.
4/22/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T33ºF; fog and light frost on rooftops. Skim of ice on the birdbath.
4/23/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
4/24/2011 8:00 AM 0.15 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T49ºF; cloudy.
4/25/2011 8:00 AM 0.10 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T49ºF; light mist falling, and a big wiggly spider in the .10 catch.
4/26/2011 8:00 AM 0.24 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T45ºF; partly cloudy.
4/27/2011 8:00 AM 0.21 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF; a mix of clouds and sun.
4/28/2011 8:00 AM 0.17 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T43ºF; mostly cloudy sky.
4/29/2011 8:00 AM 0.07 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T42ºF; cloudy with very light rain.
4/30/2011 8:00 AM 0.18 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T43ºF; overcast skies.
5/1/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T42ºF; sunny skies. (Will be off-line until 5/14, at which time will submit a multi-day accumulation report.)
5/16/2011 8:00 AM 0.11 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF; mostly cloudy. (We were in the Southwest last week and it was 107º in Death Valley. Good old Oregon rain!)
5/17/2011 8:00 AM 0.38 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T45ºF; overcast skies.
5/18/2011 8:00 AM 0.24 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF; overcast skies.
5/19/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T43ºF; foggy.
5/20/2011 7:45 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T51ºF; BLUE SKIES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
5/21/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T53ºF; mostly cloudy.
5/22/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T52ºF; overcast.
5/23/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T56ºF; partly cloudy, partly sunny.
5/24/2011 8:00 AM 0.32 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T57ºF; some clouds and lots of sunshine.
5/25/2011 8:00 AM 0.54 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF; light rain.
5/26/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T50ºF; overcast and gloomy.
5/27/2011 8:00 AM 0.18 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF; calm air and overcast skies.
5/29/2011 8:00 AM 0.28 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T49ºF; partly cloudy.
5/30/2011 8:00 AM 0.05 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T54ºF; mostly cloudy.
5/31/2011 6:54 AM 0.38 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T42ºF; cloudy.
6/1/2011 6:45 AM 0.50 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T46ºF; cloudy.
6/2/2011 8:00 AM 0.19 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T54ºF; partly cloudy and partly SUNNY!
6/3/2011 8:00 AM 0.04 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF; overcast.
6/4/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
6/5/2011 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T59ºF; overcast skies. I believe the .01 is just condensation.
6/6/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T57ºF; calm and mostly cloudy.
6/7/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T56ºF; cloudy skies and a slight breeze.
6/8/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T54ºF; mostly cloudy.
6/9/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T60ºF; clear skies and a bright sunny morning.
6/10/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T56ºF; overcast skies.
6/11/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T53ºF; overcast and calm.
6/12/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T52ºF; overcast skies.
6/13/2011 8:00 AM 0.26 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T60ºF; cloudy.
6/14/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T56ºF; overcast skies and a slight breeze.
6/15/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T54ºF; partly cloudy and sunny with a slight breeze.
6/16/2011 8:20 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T60ºF; sunny and breezy. Mostly clear skies.
6/17/2011 7:45 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T60ºF; clear sunny skies. Beautiful start to the day.
6/18/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T53ºF; overcast and calm.
6/20/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Clear and sunny. Might even get HOT!
6/21/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
6/22/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
6/24/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Yesterday's reading was the same as today's, but my computer went down. Had to replace the modum.
6/25/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
6/27/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
6/28/2011 7:30 AM 0.74 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T58ºF; light rain falling at this time.
6/29/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T58ºF under overcast skies.
6/30/2011 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T58ºF; overcast skies.
7/1/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T54ºF; overcast skies.
7/2/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/3/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/4/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/5/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/6/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/7/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/8/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/9/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/11/2011 6:15 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/12/2011 6:30 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Gray and overcast. Has summer come and gone already?
7/13/2011 7:30 AM 0.12 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T58ºF
7/14/2011 6:30 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Overcast, but no rain.
7/15/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/16/2011 8:00 AM 0.07 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T59ºF; heavy overcast.
7/17/2011 8:00 AM 0.21 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T48ºF; light rain.
7/18/2011 8:00 AM 0.12 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T58ºF; overcast skies.
7/19/2011 8:00 AM 0.69 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/20/2011 8:00 AM 0.02 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T56ºF; overcast skies.
7/21/2011 8:00 AM T 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 T60ºF; overcast skies.
7/22/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/23/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/24/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/25/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/26/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/27/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/29/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/30/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
7/31/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/1/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/2/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/3/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/4/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/5/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/6/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/7/2011 7:30 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/8/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/9/2011 6:45 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/10/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/11/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/12/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/13/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/14/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/15/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/16/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/17/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/18/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/19/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/20/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/21/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/22/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/23/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/24/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/25/2011 8:00 AM 0.01 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/27/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/28/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/29/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
8/31/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/1/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/2/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/3/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/4/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/5/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/6/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/7/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Will be off-line for the next twelve to fourteen days, and will submit a multi-day report at that time.
9/19/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/20/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/21/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/22/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/23/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/24/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/25/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/26/2011 8:00 AM 0.05 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 .05's not much, but it's a start.
9/27/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/28/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/29/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Foggy this morning.
9/30/2011 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00



Start Date End Date & Time Duration in Days Precipitation Snow Depth Snow Depth SWE Notes
10/3/2010 10/08/2010 3:30 PM 6 0.00 M M
11/11/2010 11/17/2010 9:00 AM 7 0.21 0.0 0.00
12/6/2010 12/10/2010 8:00 AM 5 0.57 0.0 0.00
1/9/2011 1/11/2011 9:00 AM 3 0.05 0.0 0.00
2/28/2011 3/01/2011 8:00 AM 2 0.14 0.0 0.00 Specific days were as follows: 2/27 = .03; 2/28 = .01; 3/1 = .10
3/25/2011 3/26/2011 8:30 AM 2 0.32 0.0 0.00
5/2/2011 5/15/2011 7:30 AM 14 0.76 0.0 0.00 .03 of that total fell after 6.00PM when we got home 5/14, but don't know how much fell earlier that day.
9/8/2011 9/18/2011 10:45 AM 11 0.00 0.0 0.00



Observation Date Observation Time Notes Largest Stone Size Average Stone Size Smallest Stone Size Stone Consistency Duration Minutes Durration Accuracy Damage Timing More Rain than Hail Hail Started Largest Hail Started Angle of Impact Number of Stones on Pad Distance Between Stones on Pad Depth of Stones on Ground