Station Overview Station Location
Station Number MI-WY-14 Latitude 42.383515
Station Name Livonia 1.1 SSW Longitude -83.377868
County Wayne Elevation (ft) 656



Month 30 Yr Avg by PRISM Total Prcp Sum Days Covered By All Observations Daily Prcp Sum Daily Observation Count Multiday Prcp Sum Days Covered by Multiday Observations Multiday Observation Count Days With Prcp Days With Trace Total Snowfall Days With Snowfall Days With Snow On Ground
Oct 12 2.77 3.11 30 0.95 11 2.16 19 6 9 0 0.0 0 0
Nov 12 2.76 0.90 30 0.24 13 0.66 17 5 1 2 0.0 0 0
Dec 12 2.48 1.66 30 1.02 11 0.64 19 3 4 2 0.0 0 0
Jan 13 1.97 3.56 31 1.83 13 1.73 18 4 5 1 0.3 2 4
Feb 13 1.93 3.47 27 0.26 10 3.21 17 5 4 3 1.9 3 10
March 13 2.26 0.89 26 0.19 8 0.70 18 4 3 0 0.1 1 4
April 13 2.96 4.33 26 2.38 4 1.95 22 5 4 0 0.0 0 0
May 13 3.27 1.61 31 0.76 16 0.85 15 3 6 0 0.0 0 0
June 13 3.43 1.43 11 0.23 5 1.20 6 2 1 0 0.0 0 0
July 13 3.20 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0
Aug 13 3.09 0.00 4 0.00 0 0.00 4 0 0 0 0.0 0 0
Sept 13 3.20 3.42 31 2.18 16 1.24 15 5 5 0 0.0 0 0
Water Year Totals: 33.32" 24.38" 277 days 10.04" 107 14.34" 170 days 42 42 days 8 days 2.3" 6 days 18 days



Days in Water Year Cell Color Key
        Daily Observation with Prcp         Missing Day
        Multiday Observation         Daily/Multiday Observation Conflict

Day of Year Daily Prcp Multiday Prcp
10/1/2012 0.00
10/2/2012 0.15
10/3/2012 0.05
10/4/2012 **
10/5/2012 **
10/6/2012 **
10/7/2012 **
10/8/2012 0.25
10/9/2012 0.00
10/10/2012 0.12
10/11/2012 **
10/12/2012 0.04
10/13/2012 **
10/14/2012 **
10/15/2012 1.20
10/16/2012 **
10/17/2012 **
10/18/2012 0.49
10/19/2012 0.01
10/20/2012 **
10/21/2012 **
10/22/2012 0.15
10/23/2012 0.39
10/24/2012 0.06
10/25/2012 0.01
10/26/2012 0.02
10/27/2012 **
10/28/2012 **
10/29/2012 0.03
10/30/2012 0.14
10/31/2012
11/1/2012 **
11/2/2012 0.08
11/3/2012 **
11/4/2012 **
11/5/2012 0.02
11/6/2012 0.00
11/7/2012 0.00
11/8/2012 T
11/9/2012 0.00
11/10/2012 **
11/11/2012 **
11/12/2012 0.36
11/13/2012 0.24
11/14/2012 0.00
11/15/2012 T
11/16/2012 0.00
11/17/2012 **
11/18/2012 **
11/19/2012 0.00
11/20/2012 0.00
11/21/2012 **
11/22/2012 **
11/23/2012 **
11/24/2012 **
11/25/2012 **
11/26/2012 0.20
11/27/2012 0.00
11/28/2012 0.00
11/29/2012 0.00
11/30/2012 0.00
12/1/2012 **
12/2/2012 **
12/3/2012 0.14
12/4/2012 0.02
12/5/2012 0.14
12/6/2012 0.00
12/7/2012 0.02
12/8/2012 **
12/9/2012 **
12/10/2012 0.31
12/11/2012 0.00
12/12/2012 0.00
12/13/2012 0.00
12/14/2012
12/15/2012 **
12/16/2012 **
12/17/2012 0.19
12/18/2012 0.00
12/19/2012 T
12/20/2012 T
12/21/2012 0.84
12/22/2012 **
12/23/2012 **
12/24/2012 **
12/25/2012 **
12/26/2012 **
12/27/2012 **
12/28/2012 **
12/29/2012 **
12/30/2012 **
12/31/2012 **
Day of YearDaily PrcpMultiday Prcp
1/1/2013 **
1/2/2013 **
1/3/2013 **
1/4/2013 **
1/5/2013 **
1/6/2013 **
1/7/2013 0.00
1/8/2013 0.00
1/9/2013 0.01
1/10/2013 0.00
1/11/2013 0.72
1/12/2013 **
1/13/2013 **
1/14/2013 0.67
1/15/2013 0.00
1/16/2013 0.00
1/17/2013 0.00
1/18/2013 0.00
1/19/2013 0.00
1/20/2013 **
1/21/2013 **
1/22/2013 0.03
1/23/2013 T
1/24/2013 0.02
1/25/2013 **
1/26/2013 **
1/27/2013 **
1/28/2013 **
1/29/2013 1.03
1/30/2013 0.93
1/31/2013 0.15
2/1/2013 0.05
2/2/2013 **
2/3/2013 **
2/4/2013 0.80
2/5/2013 0.07
2/6/2013
2/7/2013 T
2/8/2013 **
2/9/2013 **
2/10/2013 **
2/11/2013 0.41
2/12/2013 T
2/13/2013 0.00
2/14/2013 0.00
2/15/2013 0.05
2/16/2013 **
2/17/2013 **
2/18/2013 **
2/19/2013 **
2/20/2013 0.18
2/21/2013 T
2/22/2013 0.09
2/23/2013 **
2/24/2013 **
2/25/2013 0.16
2/26/2013 0.00
2/27/2013 **
2/28/2013 1.66
3/1/2013 0.00 **
3/2/2013 **
3/3/2013 **
3/4/2013 0.00
3/5/2013 0.00
3/6/2013
3/7/2013
3/8/2013
3/9/2013 **
3/10/2013 **
3/11/2013 0.16 0.16
3/12/2013
3/13/2013
3/14/2013 **
3/15/2013 **
3/16/2013 **
3/17/2013 0.40
3/18/2013
3/19/2013 **
3/20/2013 **
3/21/2013 0.14
3/22/2013 0.02
3/23/2013
3/24/2013
3/25/2013 0.01
3/26/2013 0.00
3/27/2013 0.00
3/28/2013 0.00 **
3/29/2013 **
3/30/2013 **
3/31/2013 **
Day of YearDaily PrcpMultiday Prcp
4/1/2013 **
4/2/2013 **
4/3/2013 **
4/4/2013 **
4/5/2013 **
4/6/2013 **
4/7/2013 **
4/8/2013 0.00
4/9/2013 **
4/10/2013 1.15
4/11/2013 0.90
4/12/2013 **
4/13/2013 **
4/14/2013 **
4/15/2013 0.65
4/16/2013 **
4/17/2013 0.15
4/18/2013 0.91
4/19/2013 **
4/20/2013 **
4/21/2013 **
4/22/2013 **
4/23/2013 0.00
4/24/2013
4/25/2013
4/26/2013 0.20
4/27/2013
4/28/2013
4/29/2013 0.37
4/30/2013 **
5/1/2013 **
5/2/2013 **
5/3/2013 **
5/4/2013 **
5/5/2013 **
5/6/2013 **
5/7/2013 0.00
5/8/2013 0.00
5/9/2013 0.00
5/10/2013 M **
5/11/2013 **
5/12/2013 **
5/13/2013 0.00
5/14/2013 0.00
5/15/2013 0.00
5/16/2013 0.00
5/17/2013 0.00
5/18/2013 0.00
5/19/2013 0.00
5/20/2013 0.00
5/21/2013 0.02
5/22/2013 0.02
5/23/2013 0.00
5/24/2013 0.19
5/25/2013 **
5/26/2013 **
5/27/2013 **
5/28/2013 0.85
5/29/2013 0.40
5/30/2013 0.01
5/31/2013 0.12
6/1/2013 **
6/2/2013 **
6/3/2013 0.31
6/4/2013 0.00
6/5/2013 0.00
6/6/2013 0.00
6/7/2013 0.00
6/8/2013 **
6/9/2013 **
6/10/2013 0.89
6/11/2013 0.23
6/12/2013
6/13/2013
6/14/2013
6/15/2013
6/16/2013
6/17/2013
6/18/2013
6/19/2013
6/20/2013
6/21/2013
6/22/2013
6/23/2013
6/24/2013
6/25/2013
6/26/2013
6/27/2013
6/28/2013
6/29/2013
6/30/2013
Day of YearDaily PrcpMultiday Prcp
7/1/2013
7/2/2013
7/3/2013
7/4/2013
7/5/2013
7/6/2013
7/7/2013
7/8/2013
7/9/2013
7/10/2013
7/11/2013
7/12/2013
7/13/2013
7/14/2013
7/15/2013
7/16/2013
7/17/2013
7/18/2013
7/19/2013
7/20/2013
7/21/2013
7/22/2013
7/23/2013
7/24/2013
7/25/2013
7/26/2013
7/27/2013
7/28/2013
7/29/2013
7/30/2013
7/31/2013
8/1/2013
8/2/2013
8/3/2013
8/4/2013
8/5/2013
8/6/2013
8/7/2013
8/8/2013
8/9/2013
8/10/2013
8/11/2013
8/12/2013
8/13/2013
8/14/2013
8/15/2013
8/16/2013
8/17/2013
8/18/2013
8/19/2013
8/20/2013
8/21/2013
8/22/2013
8/23/2013
8/24/2013
8/25/2013
8/26/2013
8/27/2013
8/28/2013 **
8/29/2013 **
8/30/2013 **
8/31/2013 **
9/1/2013 **
9/2/2013 **
9/3/2013 0.37
9/4/2013 0.00
9/5/2013 0.00
9/6/2013 0.00
9/7/2013 **
9/8/2013 **
9/9/2013 0.05
9/10/2013 0.09
9/11/2013 0.00
9/12/2013 0.27
9/13/2013 0.02
9/14/2013 **
9/15/2013 **
9/16/2013 0.05 0.05
9/17/2013 0.00
9/18/2013 0.00
9/19/2013 0.00
9/20/2013 1.75
9/21/2013 **
9/22/2013 **
9/23/2013 0.57
9/24/2013 0.00
9/25/2013 0.00
9/26/2013 0.00
9/27/2013 0.00
9/28/2013 **
9/29/2013 **
9/30/2013 0.20



Observation Date Observation Time Precipitation Snowfall Snowfall SWE Snow Depth Snow SWE Notes
10/1/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
10/2/2012 8:00 AM 0.15 M M M M
10/3/2012 8:00 AM 0.05 M M M M Currently drizzling.
10/9/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
10/10/2012 7:30 AM 0.12 M M M M
10/19/2012 8:00 AM 0.01 M M M M
10/23/2012 8:00 AM 0.39 M M M M
10/24/2012 8:00 AM 0.06 M M M M
10/25/2012 8:00 AM 0.01 M M M M
10/26/2012 8:00 AM 0.02 M M M M
10/30/2012 8:10 AM 0.14 M M M M Still raining, was sleeting for much of the night. Wind knocked out power to most of the 30 square mile school district immediately to our south (3 miles south of this school to 9 miles south of this school)
11/6/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
11/7/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
11/8/2012 8:00 AM T M M M M
11/9/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
11/13/2012 8:00 AM 0.24 M M M M
11/14/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M A significant amount of frost on everything.
11/15/2012 8:00 AM T M M M M
11/16/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
11/20/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
11/27/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
11/28/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
11/29/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
11/30/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
12/4/2012 8:00 AM 0.02 M M M M
12/5/2012 8:00 AM 0.14 M M M M
12/6/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
12/7/2012 8:15 AM 0.02 M M M M
12/11/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
12/12/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
12/13/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
12/18/2012 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
12/19/2012 8:00 AM T M M M M Was very humid and a bit foggy this morning. Surprised to see even a trace in the gauge.
12/20/2012 8:00 AM T M M M M
12/21/2012 8:00 AM 0.84 M M M M
1/8/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 4.0 0.56
1/9/2013 8:00 AM 0.01 M M M M
1/10/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M 3.6 0.51
1/11/2013 8:00 AM 0.72 M M M M
1/15/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
1/16/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
1/17/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
1/18/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
1/19/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
1/23/2013 8:00 AM T 0.0 M 0.5 M Light dusting of snow in some parts of bottom of gauge
1/24/2013 8:00 AM 0.02 0.1 M 0.5 M
1/30/2013 8:00 AM 0.93 M M M M All water was from rainfall
1/31/2013 8:00 AM 0.15 0.2 0.15 0.0 0.15 High winds evaporated most of the standing water from yesterday's rains. Temp yesterday reached about 62 degrees, may not break 27 today.
2/1/2013 8:00 AM 0.05 0.6 0.05 1.0 M Extremely fluffy snow. Students didn't have time to get a total value for the core, but there was not much snow on the ground prior to last night.
2/5/2013 8:00 AM 0.07 0.8 0.07 1.8 0.12
2/7/2013 8:00 AM T T M 1.4 0.17
2/12/2013 8:00 AM T T 0.00 0.6 0.36 Only thing present in tube was melted snow.
2/13/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.5 0.08 Depth on the ground was actually .25, so we had to round to .5
2/14/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.9 0.45 The largest depth of snow was .9 inches and the smallest depth was .3.
2/15/2013 8:00 AM 0.05 0.0 M 0.5 0.22
2/21/2013 8:00 AM T T T 0.5 0.03 It was still snowing when checked data.
2/22/2013 8:00 AM 0.09 0.5 0.09 1.0 0.12 Currently snowing very hard, started at about 7:15am
2/26/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 1.0 M The actual snow depth was .9375 inches
3/1/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 1.5 0.30
3/5/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 1.5 0.37
3/11/2013 8:00 AM 0.16 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
3/22/2013 8:00 AM 0.02 T T 0.2 0.04
3/25/2013 8:00 AM 0.01 0.1 T 0.1 0.01 Still snowing at the time
3/26/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
3/27/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
3/28/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
4/11/2013 8:00 AM 0.90 0.0 M M M
4/18/2013 8:00 AM 0.91 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
4/26/2013 8:00 AM 0.20 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
4/29/2013 8:00 AM 0.37 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
5/8/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
5/9/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 No precipitation right now but a large front moving with chance of severe rain.
5/10/2013 8:00 AM M M M M M Small amounts of flooding in the area. (edit: daily precip initially recorded as 1.00". changed to NA due to inconsistency with nearby data. observer contacted. P.G.) (observer-confirmed 1.00". P.G.)
5/14/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
5/15/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00 Measurements for past recordings were off because the measurement tube was not inside the gauge.
5/16/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
5/17/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
5/18/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
5/19/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
5/20/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
5/21/2013 8:00 AM 0.02 M M M M
5/22/2013 8:00 AM 0.02 M M M M
5/23/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
5/24/2013 8:00 AM 0.19 M M M M
5/29/2013 8:00 AM 0.40 M M M M
5/30/2013 8:00 AM 0.01 M M M M
5/31/2013 8:00 AM 0.12 M M M M
6/4/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
6/5/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
6/6/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
6/7/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
6/11/2013 8:00 AM 0.23 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.00
9/4/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
9/5/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
9/6/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
9/10/2013 8:00 AM 0.09 M M M M
9/11/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
9/12/2013 8:00 AM 0.27 M M M M
9/13/2013 8:00 AM 0.02 M M M M
9/16/2013 8:00 AM 0.05 M M M M
9/17/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
9/18/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
9/19/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
9/20/2013 8:00 AM 1.75 M M M M This is a startling amount of rain to have fallen overnight, considering that my home, which is about 16 miles due north of here, had almost no rain at all last night. Students living near the school reported being kept awake by the hard rain and storm noises.
9/24/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
9/25/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
9/26/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M
9/27/2013 8:00 AM 0.00 0.0 M M M Lots of due again today (same story all week, plus tons of fog on 26 Sep.



Start Date End Date & Time Duration in Days Precipitation Snow Depth Snow Depth SWE Notes
10/4/2012 10/08/2012 8:00 AM 5 0.25 M M
10/11/2012 10/12/2012 8:00 AM 2 0.04 M M
10/13/2012 10/15/2012 8:00 AM 3 1.20 M M Light rain came on Saturday for much of the day, heavy rain came on Sunday night.
10/16/2012 10/18/2012 8:00 AM 3 0.49 M M
10/20/2012 10/22/2012 8:00 AM 3 0.15 M M
10/27/2012 10/29/2012 8:00 AM 3 0.03 M M
11/1/2012 11/02/2012 8:00 AM 2 0.08 M M
11/3/2012 11/05/2012 8:00 AM 3 0.02 M M
11/10/2012 11/12/2012 8:00 AM 3 0.36 M M Much of the rain came overnight on 11-12 Nov. No flooding was noted.
11/17/2012 11/19/2012 8:00 AM 3 0.00 M M
11/21/2012 11/26/2012 8:00 AM 6 0.20 0.0 0.00 It did snow during the school's Thanksgiving break, and the snow "stuck" for a day or so, but the snow was gone before we came back to school.
12/1/2012 12/03/2012 8:00 AM 3 0.14 M M
12/8/2012 12/10/2012 8:00 AM 3 0.31 M M Seems like it never stopped precip all weekend. Included snow, sleet, and rain. All was liquid in the gauge.
12/15/2012 12/17/2012 8:00 AM 3 0.19 M M Rained gently almost all day Saturday - 15 Dec(started around noon)
12/22/2012 1/07/2013 8:00 AM 17 0.00 3.8 0.58 Somebody knocked the rain gauge off of the pole, and we didn't find it for a while, it was in the bushes and certainly didn't have a reliable amount of snow in it.
1/12/2013 1/14/2013 8:00 AM 3 0.67 0.0 0.00
1/20/2013 1/22/2013 8:00 AM 3 0.03 0.3 0.03 Multi-day and core precip were melted values for rain gauge and snow off of snowboard. Total depth was with a ruler stuck into the grass/snow. Most of the precip was probably on the 21st.
1/25/2013 1/29/2013 8:00 AM 5 1.03 0.5 0.08 Core precipitation taken off of snowboard. There appears to be a bit more snow on the ground than on the snowboard. We had a day off on Friday as a teacher workday, then there was so much snow and then ice/freezing rain on Sunday night that we missed school on Monday (yesterday) as well.
2/2/2013 2/04/2013 8:00 AM 3 0.80 1.9 M The .8 reported for today is snow depth measured off of the snowboard. We didn't have time to melt anything today due to classwork that needed to be completed.
2/8/2013 2/11/2013 8:00 AM 4 0.41 0.8 0.55 The core precip. was made of a great deal of slush due to rain.
2/16/2013 2/20/2013 8:00 AM 5 0.18 0.4 0.07
2/23/2013 2/25/2013 8:00 AM 3 0.16 0.5 0.26 Most of this precip came on Friday the 22nd during the school day.
2/27/2013 2/28/2013 8:00 AM 2 1.66 2.0 1.13 2.25 inches on snowboard, even though there was only 2.00 inches on the ground. Most of this precip came late in the day and overnight on the 26th into the 27th (we missed school on the 27th). Melted value of water on the snowboard is .91 inches
3/1/2013 3/04/2013 8:00 AM 4 0.00 1.3 0.35
3/9/2013 3/11/2013 8:00 AM 3 0.16 0.0 0.00 The measurement was a little off because the rain had accumulated on the inside of the rain gauge.
3/14/2013 3/17/2013 8:00 AM 4 0.40 0.6 0.03
3/19/2013 3/21/2013 8:00 AM 3 0.14 0.9 0.43
3/28/2013 4/08/2013 8:00 AM 12 0.00 0.0 0.00 It no rain
4/9/2013 4/10/2013 8:00 AM 2 1.15 0.0 1.15
4/12/2013 4/15/2013 8:05 AM 4 0.65 0.0 0.00
4/16/2013 4/17/2013 8:06 AM 2 0.15 0.0 0.00 Yesterday there was more water in the gauge but alot had evaporated
4/19/2013 4/23/2013 8:00 AM 5 0.00 0.0 0.00
4/30/2013 5/07/2013 8:00 AM 8 0.00 0.0 0.00 Even though gauge was not checked in many days no percipitation to be measured.
5/10/2013 5/13/2013 8:00 AM 4 0.00 0.0 0.00
5/25/2013 5/28/2013 8:00 AM 4 0.85 M M A few spots on I94 (about 15-20 miles east of here) were flooded. Local floodplain for Rouge River has road (Hines Drive) that is likely to be closed due to high water (the additional precip today should take care of that).
6/1/2013 6/03/2013 8:00 AM 3 0.31 0.0 0.00
6/8/2013 6/10/2013 8:00 AM 3 0.89 M M There was some minor flooding on the I-96 freeway in Livonia. Most of the rain came overnight from 9-10 June. I live on a lake 17 miles north of here, and it is at its highest levels in my 10 years of living there (neighbor's dock is under water).
8/28/2013 9/03/2013 8:00 AM 7 0.37 M M School started today. I put the gauge back on the pole last Thursday during the teacher work day.
9/7/2013 9/09/2013 8:00 AM 3 0.05 M M
9/14/2013 9/16/2013 8:00 AM 3 0.05 M M Fairly confident that the precip all came on 15 Sep.
9/21/2013 9/23/2013 8:00 AM 3 0.57 M M Most of the precipitation was from the night of 20-21 Sep, and a bit during the day on 21 Sep. We don't think that any rain fell on 22 Sep.
9/28/2013 9/30/2013 8:00 AM 3 0.20 M M Sprinkled all day on 9/29. I doubt that there was any precip on 9/28.



Observation Date Observation Time Notes Largest Stone Size Average Stone Size Smallest Stone Size Stone Consistency Duration Minutes Durration Accuracy Damage Timing More Rain than Hail Hail Started Largest Hail Started Angle of Impact Number of Stones on Pad Distance Between Stones on Pad Depth of Stones on Ground